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中国工程院院士高文:国内顶尖AI人才仅有美国的20%,开源开放是生态建设关键

中国工程院院士高文

出品 | 搜狐科技

编辑 | 梁昌均

10月25日,第四届世界声博会暨2021科大讯飞全球1024开发者节大会在合肥举办。中国工程院院士高文通过线上方式分享了对国内AI的生态建设、人才培养以及产业发展的看法。

他认为,国内整个AI的产业应用生态环境比较好,有政策的优势,有海量数据的优势,有丰富的应用的环境,有青年才俊的数量的优势,有成长比较快的优势。

但高文也指出,国内AI生态也有四个短板,包括现在基础语言是以算法的原始创新,在核心芯片、核心元器件和传感器方面相对薄弱,具有国际影响的开源开放的机器学习框架平台不多,顶级的人工智能的学者人才可也相对少一点。

“知道有这样的一些优点和需要补的地方后,推动人工智能的发展一个非常关键的就是开源开放,长板可以做得更长,短板也可能尽快把它补上。”高文认为,开源开放本身实际上和整个生态的建设有相当大的关联度,人工智能的应用生态如果是基于开源开放,做起来在国内可以站在巨人的肩膀往上,同时也容易和国际主流的人工智能的发展能够接上。

高文介绍称,国内顶级的人工智能的领军人物比较少,只相当于美国的1/5。“现在很多学校都设立了人工智能专业,对于整个青年人人的培养是非常有好处的,但是除了青年人的培养了以外,我们必须要考虑AI领军人才怎么才能培养出来。”高文表示。

他认为,靠市场条件,比如靠创新企业,靠独角兽确实培养出了一批领军人物,但光靠这一条线是不够的,也应该在基础研究方面,算法方面,也就是说能够在高等学校、科研院所、国家实验室培养人工智能的高级人才,今后一段时间必须要重点考虑。同时,做好政策措施和配套的资金,也是比较关键的。

对于人工智能整个产业发展,高文认为,随着企业越做越大,可能就会多样性发展,但并不是跨到其他行业领域,而是研制人工智能不同的分支,进行逐渐布局,这是一个很好的做法。他也提到,一个企业要想成长,光靠企业自身是很难的,要有政府的扶持,也要找到市场准确的定位,整个生态系统要从企业产学研各个方面要结合起来,才可能把企业真正做好。

高文表示,人工智能发展应该是一个比较长期的循序渐进的过程,而且需要人工智能本身的发展以及学科交叉的发展,包括计算机、自动控制数学等这些学科交叉发展,往前推进的速度比较快。“交叉学科的发展最重要的实际上就是人才的培养,只有掌握着交叉学科本身的这些人出来了以后,才能把这些研究产业化做得更好。”

他希望,国内企业应该从各个不同的角度,不同的方面,把国内的生态链做得更好,把国内巨大的市场优势和数据优势转化成人工智能整个从技术到产业的发展优势,那么经过几年就能够使得人工智能领跑世界。

Windows 不断随机发出“USB设备连接”和“设备断开连接”声音Windows keeps making these random "device connect" and "device disconnect" sounds

一整天,我都注意到我的计算机发出明显随机的USB设备连接和设备断开连接(“boink”)声音。

我使用 Nirsoft 的 USBLogView解决了这个问题。

通过这个软件,我发现,是我的鼠标的问题。我所听到的USB断开和连接的声音,是鼠标造成的。

win10快速关机,Windows四种关机模式有啥区别?

关机不就是:开始 → 电源 → 关机 要不就是Alt+F4 再不就是直接按关机键 这有什么新鲜的? 其实关机还是有很多区别的,尤其对笔记本来说,关机的方式不同、方法不同,效果也不尽相同。今天就给为大家介绍关机的区别和差异

1.关机

最传统的关机方式,操作系统在执行关机操作的时候,退出所有程序,停止一切硬件操作,然后关闭电源。 特点是不保存任何信息、数据,直接硬关机。

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Win7以下的电脑关机操作和按下电源按钮(接入电源时)都是硬关机。 需要注意的是,在Win8之后到目前的Win10,所谓的关机选项并不是这种最简单最纯粹的关机,而是快速启动模式。

2.休眠

休眠是“关机”的一种模式,原理是在执行休眠时,会把内存中暂存的数据写入到硬盘中。 执行休眠的时候,CPU、内存、硬盘等等都不会工作,基本等同于断电关机。

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一旦开机,电脑加载信息时就会读取那个被写入硬盘的休眠文件,调取关机前保存的状态,实现快速开机(启动自检等流程照旧)。

3.睡眠

休眠模式的好处是基本“等于”关机,而睡眠和休眠的区别就在于,电脑的电源和内存还在工作,其他部分休眠。系统会持续给内存供电,暂存关闭前的信息状态。一旦“开机”,电脑将跳过自检和系统加载的过程,简单说就是睡眠前电脑是什么状态,唤醒开机后就是什么状态,包括你打开的网页、运行的QQ等等。好处是速度极快,缺点是相比休眠要耗电一些(比待机省电)。

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4.快速启动模式

快速启动模式是从Win8开始微软推出的一种新模式,它结合了休眠和睡眠二者的特点,“关机”时类似于休眠,但是只把维持操作系统的核心数据写入到硬盘暂存。 “开机”的时候,又如同“睡眠”模式下唤醒一样,跳过系统加载和驱动加载的过程,最终的效果就是看起来和普通开、关机没什么区别,但是速度要快很多。

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如何获得免费的网站 SSL 证书 (HTTPS)?How to get FREE SSL Certificate for Website (HTTPS) ?

Security is essential for any website to provide security, build the trust of visitors, and for better ranking.

It’s necessary for the transactional or membership-based site to encrypt the sensitive data from a client to a server.

Improve your Website Security with SSL/TLS Certificate.

HTTPS would also boost the search engine ranking, so you may consider having this for your blog as well.

If you are looking to have a certificate implemented on your website without spending $$$ then here are a few Certificate Authority houses (SSL providers) to help you with that.

The following acronyms are used below.

  • SSL – Secure Socket Layer
  • TLS – Transport Layer Security
  • CDN – Content Delivery Network
  • DV – Domain Validated
  • ACME – Automated Certificate Management Environment

If you are looking for shared hosting that provides a free SSL certificate, you may try SiteGround. If you are wondering why SiteGround then, the following are some of the features.

  • SiteGround operates on Google Cloud to create a powerful and technically superior hosting service.
  • The latest version of PHP
  • Unmatched customer support available 24/7 via chat, phone, tickets. Waiting time is up to 10 minutes, if at all.
  • An innovative approach to performance and security
  • Hosting plans come with tons of free and useful features
  • Free SSL
  • Free Cloudflare CDN
  • Free and quick site migration from other hosts
  • Free automated daily backup and restore

Now, let’s take a look at the following to get a certificate.

ZeroSSL

You can get your SSL certificate in just a few minutes with ZeroSSL. You start by entering the required details, go through the quick verification process, and BOOM, there’s your SSL certificate ready.

 

The generated SSL certificate is 100% free to use and lasts for 90 days, after which you can renew again and again at no cost.

Don’t want to renew the certificate manually?

No problem, you can use ZeroSSL Certbot to automate the renewal. Cool, isn’t it?

ZeroSSL is a certificate authority, so certs are issued by them. You can manage all your certs with their easy-to-use dashboard. You get up to 3 certificates for FREE. However, if you need more, you can go for a paid plan which offers unlimited certificates with many other premium features.

  • Wildcard & multi-domain certificate
  • REST API access
  • Technical support

They also offer a custom solution, so talk to them if you have a business requirement to issue certificates for your clients.

Let’s Encrypt

Let’s Encrypt is a collaborative project with Linux Foundation and a new certificate authority sponsored by Mozilla, Akamai, SiteGround, Cisco, Facebook, etc., which offers an SSL/TLS Certificate free.

This is great to save costs to get it implemented in a non-production environment.

It’s automated, which means you don’t have to spend time creating CSR and send it to the CA authority to get it signed. It all happens in the background on your web servers.

 

Let’s Encrypt has issued more than one billion certificates so far. Check out the guides to implement Let’s Encrypt in Apache HTTP or Nginx.

SSL For Free

SSL For Free uses Let’s Encrypt ACME server by using domain validation to provide you a certificate. It’s 100% free, and certs are issued within minutes.

 

SSL

SSL.com offers free SSL at zero cost for 90 days. This is a good fit if you are looking to play around to understand how SSL works or some short-term projects.

Get your free SSL cert issued in minutes with the highest strength and bit encryption. All the main browsers recognize SSL.com issued certificates.

 

Cloudflare

Cloudflare is CDN & Security Company. They make your website faster and secure—Cloudflare power many popular sites, including Reddit, yelp, Mozilla, StackOverflow, etc.

 
Source: W3Techs.com

Recently, Cloudflare announced universal SSL is free for all users. That’s right, even if you are in the free plan. If you are using Cloud Flare and SSL is not yet activated, then here is how you can do it quickly.

  • Login into Cloud Flare
  • Select the website you want to enable SSL
  • Click on the Crypto icon
  • Ensure it’s configured as “Flexible” and status shows as “ACTIVE CERTIFICATE.”

 

It may take a few seconds to go live. You can verify by accessing your website with https.

30 Days Free

You may also obtain 30 days of the free trial from the following certificate providers.

I hope the above helps you in getting free SSL for your website/blog.

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