笔记本电脑输入+号的方法和一般键盘的输入方法一样，就是按住Shift，再按“=”。

但是，遇到没有小键盘的笔记本电脑，需要输入+时，需要首先按Fn+NumLock。

In this topic, we will consider common problems with Joomla mail sending.

The most frequent error is  “Could not instantiate mail function.”, also sometimes you don’t get any errors, but messages do not come anyway. Below you will find solutions for these problems, but if you are using SMTP protocol, check this article.

1. Maybe you are configuring the contact us form on the local server. Some local servers like Denver or WAMP don’t send messages by default. After moving your site to the hosting, the problem with mailing will disappear.

2. Messages from your site look suspicious for mail services.

2a. Check the spam folder and mark emails from the site as “Not spam”, also add sender mail to the address book.

2b. If you don’t find the email in the spam folder, сonfigure sending via SMTP. You can do it in 5 minutes by following instructions. I guess it’s the most simple and trustworthy way.

2c. If you don’t want to use SMTP, create a domain email address (like This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.). Open «System->Global configuration» in the top menu, choose tab Server, find “Mail Settings” options and type a new email address in “From email” field. It will increase your site trust level.

2d. Configure SPF or DKIM on your web server.

3.  Problems with PHP Mailer. Joomla has 3 different mailers: PHP Mail, Sendmail, and SMTP. By default is using PHP Mail, below we will tell you how to fix the problem with him.

3a. The most simple way is to change mailer to the Sendmail. Open «System->Global configuration» in the top menu and choose tab Server. Find “Mail Settings” and choose in the “Mailer” drop down “Sendmail” option. Also, you can choose SMTP, read how to use and configure this protocol here.

3b. You can try to fix PHP Mailer. Open :”root/libraries/phpmailer/phpmailer.php” or  “root/libraries/vendor/phpmailer/phpmailer/class.phpmailer.php” for the late versions of Joomla.

Code:
$params = sprintf(‘-f%s’, $this->Sender);

Change to:
$params = sprintf(‘-f%s’);

Or for the earlier versions find:

$params = sprintf(‘-oi -f %s’, $this->Sender);

Probably 707 or 1161 string number. And add below:

$params = ‘ ‘;

Now your code looks like:

if (empty($this->Sender)) {

$params = ‘-oi -f %s';

} else {

$params = sprintf(‘-oi -f %s’, $this->Sender);

$params = ‘ ‘;

}

4. If this methods doesn’t help, maybe the problem is in your hoster. Probably you are using free plan, with blocked or opt-in mailing. Anyway you should write to the hosting support with your problem.

Joomla is a commonly used content-management software for websites. In Joomla, emails are used for various purposes such as contact form submissions or password resets.

Joomla ‘SMTP connect() failed‘ is a commonly encountered email error in Joomla, when users try to submit a contact form in the website. Email fails to send, showing up this error.

 

By default, Joomla uses the PHP mail function to send mails. The settings for PHP Mail can be changed from the Joomla administrator dashboard.

Login to Joomla as admin user and go to the section ‘System’ -> ‘Global Configuration’ -> ‘Server’. Under ‘Mail Settings’, you can see PHP Mail as the Mailer and its corresponding settings.

 

 

What causes error Joomla ‘SMTP connect() failed’

In many servers where PHP mail function is disabled as a server security measure to avoid spamming, this default Mailer will not work to send mails.

That’s when we configure SMTP as the Mailer. From the drop-down for Mailer, choose SMTP instead of PHP Mail:

 

 

Even though SMTP mailer is chosen, if the corresponding settings for the SMTP server is not configured correctly, it will not send mails successfully from the server.

Attempts to send mails from the Joomla website via contact form or password reset forms would end up giving error “Error while sending the email. SMTP connect() failed.”

The error ‘Joomla SMTP connect() failed’ is often caused by incorrect filling of the field ‘SMTP Security’ in the ‘Mail Settings’.

SMTP connection can fail to establish due to a number of reasons:

1. Wrong username and password given in SMTP authentication.
2. SMTP port blocked in server firewalls.
3. Mail server does not support SSL/TLS.
4. Using 3rd party servers such as gmail or other insecure apps.
5. Upgrades to Joomla or PHPMailer versions that have enhanced security features or bugs.

How to fix error Joomla ‘SMTP connect() failed’

Here, we’ll see how to set each of these settings properly to avoid email delivery errors from Joomla. 

In Joomla administrator panel, under ‘System’ -> ‘Global Configuration’ -> ‘Server’ -> ‘Mail Settings’, choose Mailer ‘SMTP’ and enter host, user name and password. Turn on SMTP authentication section.

 

 

1. SMTP host and port settings

Enter the name of your mail server in ‘SMTP Host’ section. This is usually the ‘domain name’ or ‘mail.domain.com’. Make sure that the DNS for SMTP host resolves correctly.

Give port number as 25, the default SMTP port. For mail servers that use custom ports such as 587 for SMTP to avoid spamming, give that port.

It is also possible that certain mail servers restrict the access to their port 25 using firewall rules. In such cases, your IP should be white-listed in the firewall to avoid SMTP connect error.

To confirm that the connectivity to SMTP server and port is working fine, use the command:

telnet domain.com 25

Use the appropriate hostname and port number, after confirming that the SMTP connection is working fine. If the connectivity fails to establish, mail delivery will fail with the error ‘SMTP connect() failed‘.

2. SMTP authentication details

Every mail server has an authentication system to validate the users before allowing them to connect to it and send mails. In your Joomla Mail settings, turn this ON (YES).

Give the email account username and password. Enter the full ‘This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.’ as the username in case of non-default accounts.

Whenever the email account password is changed or updated for security reasons, do not forget to change the password in ‘Mail settings’ also.

If the authentication details given are wrong, Joomla will fail to send mails and give the error ‘SMTP connect() failed‘.

3. SMTP security settings

For secure email transmission, it is always advisable to choose SMTP with SSL/TLS protocol. So, choose ‘SSL/TLS’ option from the drop-down for ‘SMTP Security’.

But is some email servers, this SSL/TLS support may not be enabled. In those cases, if you choose ‘SSL/TLS’ security, mails may not get delivered.

To verify the SSL certificate for your mail server, use the command:

openssl s_client -starttls smtp -crlf -connect mail.domain.com:25

Using expired or self-signed certificates can cause the mail delivery using SSL to fail and give error ‘SMTP connect() failed‘.

So the solution in those cases is to configure SSL for your mail server properly or change the SMTP Security settings from ‘SSL/TLS’ to ‘None’, which is less secure one.

 

 

4. Support for 3rd party apps

If you are using gmail email server instead of your own mail server, then there are a few points to note. You have to enable the ‘Authentication – GMail’ plugin.

You can do this from the Admin Area: ‘Extensions -> Plugin Manager -> Authentication – GMail’ option.

Also, Gmail servers may not accept connection attempts from certain mail client apps such as mobile apps. In those cases, either use a secure app or loosen the security measures.

In ‘My Account’ -> ‘Less Secure Apps’ section, turn on the option ‘Access for less secure apps’ to loosen the security settings.

This will avoid Joomla ‘SMTP connect failed’ errors when trying to send emails from Joomla using Gmail.

In short..

Other variants for ‘SMTP connect() failed’ error are ‘Called Mail() without being connected’ or ‘SMTP Error: Could not connect to SMTP host.’

In addition to the configuration settings we’ve discussed, one important point to keep in mind is the safety precautions to take during Joomla or PHPMailer upgrades.

Since new versions may often come with features or bugs that may break a working website, its always important to take proper backups and do test installs, before upgrading in the production server.

 

       首先，Thread Safe 是指程序在运行时需对线程（thread）进行安全检查，以防止有新要求就启动新线程的 CGI 执行方式耗尽系统资源。None Thread Safe 则指程序在运行时不对线程进行安全检查。

　　再来看 PHP 的两种服务模式：ISAPI 和 FastCGI 。ISAPI 服务模式是以 DLL 动态库的形式被调用，可以在被用户请求后执行，在处理完一个用户请求后不会马上消失，所以需要进行线程安全检查，这样来提高程序的执行效率。而 FastCGI 执行方式则是以单一线程来执行操作，所以不需要进行线程的安全检查，除去线程安全检查反而可以提高执行效率。

　　所以，简单的概括就是当 PHP 以 ISAPI 模式运行服务时，选择 Thread Safe 版本；以 FastCGI 模式运行服务时，选择 Non Thread Safe 版本。可以通过 phpinfo() 函数页面里的 Thread Safety 项查询当前 PHP 版本是不是线程安全的。

注：ISAPI 和 FastCGI 无需在 PHP 中设置，其取决于Web Server（Apache、IIS、Nginx）以哪种模式与 PHP 合作完成服务。